Common Symptoms of Computer Virus..!!!!

There are a few distinct symptoms that can help one in identifying harmful and potentially dangerous viruses from infecting one's computer. Viruses come in many different forms and modes, and it gets very hard to regulate each and every application on our machines.

As a result, all our machines are susceptible to an attack from a computer virus at some point or the other, and sometimes even the very best antivirus software can overlook their presence. Recognizing some common symptoms can give us a head start in our battle against them.

A computer virus is a very small-sized program that has the ability to propagate from one machine to another, and then disrupt the working and the functionality of the infected machine. It is important to identify their presence as soon as possible or, it can lead to a loss of important data, and even a system crash in some cases. There are many programs that can aid one in eliminating their risk.

Symptoms of Computer Virus

The symptoms possess some distinct characteristics, and if your machine has been infected by one, it is very likely that you will see the effects immediately. The basic working of the computer will be greatly affected due to faulty performance, and you will be unable to perform many functions that you used to perform earlier with ease.

Some of the symptoms of infection are listed as follows.

• The computer is running considerably slower than normal for no apparent reason.
• The machine is crashing and restarting by itself after every few minutes.
• The machine is not responding in general, and everything is simply frozen.
• The antivirus software that you have is not working properly, or it has been disabled.
• You are unable to install a new antivirus program on your computer.
• Printouts that you take are faulty and incorrect.
• There are unexpected and unknown noises and sounds that come out on their own.
• Your programs and applications have disappeared from the machine without you intentionally deleting them.
• New windows keep opening up at an alarming rate
• There are error messages popping out on a regular basis.
• Your files and folders are getting deleted automatically.
• Your disks and drives are not working properly.
• There are unknown and uninstalled icons on your desktop suddenly.

The most annoying aspect of these is that it can crop up at any time, and once it comes, it can affect any part of your machine. It can disable many important applications and programs, and can even corrupt physical hardware on your machine. As a result of these symptoms, the workability of a machine gets seriously disabled, and it becomes impossible to perform any task at all.

At the end of the day, there are two things you can do. Firstly, you must get as much protection and computer security as possible and keep all your programs and system defenses updated, and secondly, you must act quickly in case you detect the presence of any of the aforementioned symptoms on your machine. Failure to do so could result in you losing a lot of precious data and information.

Most Damaging Computer Viruses

Computer viruses are harmful programs created by anti-social elements (hackers) which can self duplicate itself in the computer system to harm its smooth functioning. These viruses are not only a big cause of worry for casual computer users but they have also created problems for governments, hospitals, schools and huge organizations by infecting their systems.

Computer viruses spread faster than a cold virus thanks to the Internet which connects almost every computer in the world through its amazing technology.

Most Destructive Computer Viruses

Computer viruses are nothing but an online threat distributed through the Internet by hackers who like creating havoc in today's corporate world. Here are the names which have become immortal in the world of computers due to the amount of destruction caused by them.


1.ILOVEYOU aka Love Letter Virus
The ILOVEYOU virus is still known as the most dangerous virus ever written by a hacker. It is still regarded the most deadliest computer virus of all time.  The virus expanded by spreading itself through email. Once the user opened the email, the virus attached itself to the memory and infected all important files and folders.

Once in the computer the virus tries to reach other users by scanning all the addresses in the Microsoft Outlook List of the current user. The virus was originally written by a Filipino programmer who was still pursuing his college education at that time. This virus spread through the entire world in just 24 hours and affected system of multinational companies.

2.Storm Worm
This virus came to the fore in the year 2006 and the public began speculating about it when it was sent to millions of computers in the form of an email saying, '230 dead as storm batters Europe'. Different companies called this virus by different names. Basically Storm Worm is a Trojan horse program which makes computers into zombies or bots.

As the machines become infected, they can be controlled by the person who actually sent this worm. This virus is widespread, it is not very difficult to detect. Updating the computer anti-virus system is probably the best way to keep Storm Worm away.


3.Leap-A
Leap-A gathered a lot of press attention because it is one of those few viruses which have been successful in corrupting MAC systems. Yes, Apple is known to make software and hardware systems which are resistant to viruses, the company protects their systems by sending regular updates to their users.

MAC computers are protected from virus attacks with the help of a concept called Security through Obscurity. However, due to the recent popularity of MAC system, in 2006 a hacker created the Leap-A virus which uses the iChat messaging system to travel through various vulnerable MAC computers.

4.CIH aka Chernobyl Virus
Not only the name but the virus itself was so destructive that its release made international headlines all around the world. CIH was the most dreaded computer virus because it had the ability to remain undetected in a computer's memory for a very long time.

Once in the system, it used to hamper every program that was run. The virus first debuted in 1998 and affected various Windows systems of 95 and 98. This virus was also equipped with a trigger date and once the date was reached , the virus overwrote the files on the hard drive and destroyed it original contents.

5.Melissa
Another destructive virus which made worldwide headlines, Melissa virus was a type of mass-mailing malware which affected more than 20% of computers worldwide. Computers who worked on Microsoft, Intel were the worst sufferers and companies who used Microsoft Outlook for their emails also incurred heavy losses. The Melissa virus traveled through email with an MS Word attachment and when users opened it, the virus immediately mailed itself to the first 50 people in the Outlook list.


6.Code Red
Code Red was a computer worm which debuted in the world of computers in the year 2001. It specifically attacked computers running the Microsoft's IIS web server. It suppressed the Windows system by acting as a buffer overflow and sent huge amounts of data to the computer so that it is forced to shut down.

Even though technology today is highly advanced and secure, systems and networks keep getting infected again and again. This is because people don't spend enough money on a good anti-virus software and most of them are too lazy to update their anti-virus software after regular intervals.

These are Common Computer Viruses

A virus is a malicious software program that can infect your computer, replicate itself, and cause functional problems in your system. It is potentially harmful and can cause a loss of important data, besides corrupting your computer files.


Computer Viruses
Viruses may spread by attaching themselves in e-mails, instant messages, floppy disks, or pen drives, etc. They tend to corrupt your data, or even delete your important files. Anything and everything present on your hard drive can be erased by a nasty computer virus. These computer viruses are very smart. They tend to visit you, disguised as a greeting card, audio file, video file, or some other morphed entity.

When you are trying to download a software program or music file from the Internet, these computer viruses hide themselves in files, programs, and software, to get downloaded to your personal computer (PC). When you run a program file or boot sector program at boot time, they get activated.

 The program infected by the virus gets modified, and begins to run the viral code. Soon, it takes control of your PC and begins to replicate and spread. They damage your files, and begin to delete programs and folders in your computer. Some viruses are time activated. They will activate themselves on a specified date, and begin creating havoc on your computer.

List of Common Viruses
Computer viruses have caused a loss of over USD 10 billion to many companies, as well as private users. The following list contains names of viruses that have infected and caused considerable damage to computer systems around the world:

1. W32/Zafi-D
2. W32/Netsky-D
3. W32/Zafi-B
4. Trojan.Lodear
5. W32.Beagle.CO@mm
6. Backdoor.Zagaban
7. W32/Netsky-PW
8. 32/Mytob-GH
9. EXW32 Mytob
10. W32/Mytob-AS
11. W32/Mytob-BE
12. W32/Mytob-C
13. W32/Mytob-ER
14. Stator, Asimov.1539, and Terrax.1069
15. Elkern, Marburg, Satan Bug, and Tuareg
16. Relax
17. Randex
18. CMJ
19. Meve
20. MrKlunky
21. CIH
22. I Love You Worm
23. KAK
24. PSWBugbear.B (worm)
25. Lovgate.F (worm)
26. Trile.C (worm)
27. Sobig.D (worm)
28. Mapson (worm)
29. AnnaKournikova.jpg.vbs
30. CAP
31. Resume
32. NYB
33. Stoned Empire Monkey Virus
34. Melissa.A
35. Bablas
36. O97M/Y2K
37. Polyboot.B, AntiEXE
38. Way
39. Trj.Reboot
40. Trivial.88.D

Other Common Computer Viruses

1. Exploit-CVE2010-0814
2. Exploit-CVE2010-2568
3. Mal/Krap-I
4. Mal/VB-LP
5. Ms .NET JIT 3228
6. Ms IE HO RCE 2746
7. Ms Wind New Cl 3223
8. Ms Wind TLSv1 3229
9. Ms WindOTFont 2741
10. MSFT Win SMB Val Vuln
11. MSIL/Terdial.D
12. Stuxnet
13. Troj/Agent-PAP
14. Troj/Agent-PAQ
15. Troj/BredoZp-BH
16. Troj/Cosmu-K
17. Troj/FakeAV-BVP
18. Troj/FakeAV-BVQ
19. Troj/Mdrop-CZQ
20. W32/AutoRun-BJS
21. W32/Autorun.worm.q
22. W32/VBMania@MM
23. Exploit-CVE2010-0814
24. Exploit-CVE2010-2568

These were some of the most common viruses you should watch out for. It is extremely important that you keep your antivirus software updated. Do not operate your computer, especially if you have an Internet-enabled one, without having one of the best antivirus software installed.

You should always install applications, only from reputed sources. Open emails only from trusted friends and acquaintances. If you have any doubt regarding the origin or content of the email, delete it immediately, without opening it. Click on links, only after you verify them. Notice the link address at the bottom of your browser, before clicking it. And most importantly, clear cookies and the cache of your web browser regularly.

How to Remove a computer Virus Manually

Computers have become an integral part of our life. Along with computers, Internet has also become an indispensable part. However, there is a negative side to the Internet technology, which is the rampant spread of computer viruses.

 Therefore, computer security becomes a matter of major concern for every one. Although it is recommended that we should have an antivirus software installed on our machines, there are times that we may not have it installed and that is exactly when the computer may be infested by a software. This brings up the question, what are the steps to manually remove a virus so that the machine is not infested with the threatening virus.

Steps on how to Remove a Virus

You will need some computer programming skills to get rid of the computer virus. You will just need the knowledge of basic syntax. The first step you should take before you start with the computer viruses removal process is to take system back up. It is essential so that in case you delete a wrong file in the process, you will not lose important data.

In some cases, the file may be necessary to run the computer system. The data should ideally be backed up in an external device. Once the data has been backed up, you can format the system to get rid of the virus totally. However, it is not recommended that you use the system restore option to get rid of the virus, as this often leads to virus multiplication as opposed to removal.

The other process is a lengthy one which will need technical expertise. In this process, the first step is to identify the virus as there are many different types of computer viruses. To identify the virus you can seek help from various antivirus websites.

 From these websites you will be able to see the way the particular virus makes files. Now you will have to look for the behavioral pattern of the virus. Once that has been identified, the next step is to go to task manager. From the task manager stop the virus processes so that there is no chance that the virus replicates itself. The next step is to go to the file registry and delete the virus files, taking help from the information you have found from the different websites pertaining to the virus.

Steps on how to Manually Remove a Trojan Virus

If you do not want to use the options available online for the removal of the Trojan, you will have to undertake the process of removing the virus manually. To remove Trojan virus, you will have to first identify the system files which are infected by the virus. The next step is to erase the files so that normal functioning of the system is possible. You can seek help from online forums or antivirus software websites.

I would recommend that although there are steps one can take to remove the virus manually, it is best to invest in a reputed antivirus to avoid attacks to your system where your data is at risk.

How to Recover Deleted Files and Restore Lost Data in your computer.!!!

Computers are an integral part of our life today. A few years ago, computers were rarely treated as a dependable tool for business purposes. However, with the advent of paperless offices today, most documents are available only in e-formats. Therefore, data backup has become a necessity and is a must for computers used for professional as well as personal needs.

Data and files can be deleted from the computer for a varied number of reasons. Sometimes, important data may be deleted accidentally. This is when one tries to frantically recover deleted files or restore lost data.

Even if you have just deleted some files in the middle of the night accidentally, there is some hope. First off, if you have just deleted the file, you can always go to the Recycle Bin, select the file you need and then click 'Restore The File' from the toolbar.

This process is also known as 'undelete' in computer lingo. However, if you have deleted the file from the computer as well as emptied the recycle bin, you will have to depend on professional help to salvage your data.

One of the best options to secure and, therefore, restore your data is to keep a backup of your data on another computer or drive. You can also have your entire data written or burned on a CD or DVD. Today, there are portable data devices like portable hard disks, pen drives, and some MP3 players which double up as a portable hard disk. Therefore, it isn't necessary to have a whole computer system to have a backup of your system.

If you have not made a backup of your system in a long time, nor have prepared a CD of your important data, you still have options to restore lost data from your PC. There are various software available in the market which can restore your data. Though expensive, the day these software recover your data, they will be worth their cost in gold doubloons.

Such software is known as undelete software for windows, and these can recover data from almost any data drive like hard disks, pen drives, USB drives, and zip drives. They can even recover data from data cards in digital cameras and cell phones.

The software can recover files deleted and emptied from the Recycle Bin, files deleted using MSDOS commands, as well as data you have accidentally deleted using the Shift+Delete command. It also restores data lost during the 'Cut' 'Copy' or 'Move' command. More importantly, the software even restores data lost due to viruses.

Like all software, one can find various trial versions of such undelete software on the internet. You can use it for a while and judge whether it is perfect for your needs. Other than that, you can browse the Internet and find more about the features and details of the software, and decide which one suits your needs the best.

Undelete software isn't just necessary or important for professional users of the computers. It is the need of the day for everyone using a computer. Data loss can mean loss of all saved games for the gamer, the loss of the month's budget workout for the homemaker, or even the loss of a month's work for a work-at-home person.

Such software is economical and logical as compared to running to the computer guys once you have accidentally deleted data from your computer.

Trick on how to Data Recovery

Backup is better than recovery; just as 'prevention is better than cure'. Always keep a backup of your crucial data. In fact, you should not try the different recovery techniques on crucial data. It is always advisable, that in such cases, you contact a recovery agency which can provide you with accurate details as to what percentage of the data is in its recoverable form. This may cost you some bucks, but then, it is worth it if the lost information is important enough.

Various software and tools are used by data recovery agencies, which have been designed by their engineers, or may have been purchased by them. For recovery that you can undertake on your own, you can use the open source software that are available for download.

The first and the most important thing that you need to keep in mind, once you have realized that you have by accident deleted some data, is not to use the drive where you had stored it. Do the preliminary checking first, before you start with the recovery process. Check the recycle bin, if you have by accident deleted the data. Perform a search operation, using the search feature of your operating system, to check out if you have placed the it into some other location.

If you are using the Windows operating system, open the folder where you had stored your data and click on tools in the menu bar. Select 'folder options' from the tools menu and click on the view tab. Select 'Show hidden files and folder'. In case the files are hidden because of some virus problems, you may be able to view them again with this process.

Recovery Techniques

If all these processes do not help you out, you can start off with the recovery techniques. By the way, you must be wondering, how can deleted data be recovered? Let me try to explain. Computers store your data in the binary format, i.e., using only the digits 0 and 1.

 Once you delete some it or format the hard drive, that portion of the hard drive loses its name and identification (the word is address) and becomes free to allocate new data, but the binary digit format continues to exist in it.

 The only way this binary digit format can be lost is, if some other data is saved by the computer at the same location. The other way is of course, when you want to intentionally eliminate it from your system, and you have used a file shredding software to do the same.

Depending on the file system that you have chosen, while installing your operating system, download a compatible recovery software. Some software like N-Data recovery will work well for both FAT and NTFS, while NTFS file recovery will work only for NTFS file systems.

 Please make it a point to download the software into some other drive and not into the one from which you have lost your data. In fact, it is better if you download the software into another computer. Install the software in a drive that is not among the suspected list of drives, from where you think you have lost your data. Better install the software in a USB drive (pen drive or portable hard disk). Scan the suspected drives. The process will take some time and consume a lot of RAM, so avoid using the computer for any other work when the scan is in progress.

Save the recovered files (if they have been recovered at all) into a drive. If you do not get proper results, try some other software which has advanced features. There are software available which allow you to enter details like the type of file or the file extension of the file you are trying to recover.

This makes the recovery process for the software a lot simpler. The software available can be used on almost all types of memory, the hard disk, pen drive, or a portable music player.

These processes can help you recover the data, but there is no guarantee. Software are also available which will recover it in a different format and you will have to purchase a license key of the software, to reconvert your data into its original form.

 Some software will recover the data for you, but won't provide you with a facility to save it, unless you buy a license key. So, choose an open source software for the recovery process, if you do not want to spend any money.

How to Fix Corrupted Files in your computer

Corrupted files are files that become non-functional altogether. There are several reasons for the file getting corrupted. It can be a glitch in the operating system or in the program utilizing the file, improper file saving procedure, a system crash, or a result of some dangerous computer virus.

 The damage could also be on the hardware level, if the file system sector or the hard drive itself is damaged. Let's learn how to understand when a file gets corrupted and the ways to fix it.

When the file you are trying to access does not open and displays a message like 'Cannot open file' or 'File data inaccessible' then it's a clear indication that the file is corrupted.

In case the file opens but the data within is unreadable, i.e., showing signs and symbols other than normal alphabets and numbers, then the file is corrupted.

Fixing Corrupt Files

AVI Files
AVI (Audio Video Interleave) files are video files that run on a program application that is designed to play an .avi file. To fix such files, all you have to do is download a software that renders an AVI file correct. If the software is zipped or compressed, unzip it using a software like Winzip.

 After all the files are displayed, click on the setup file and follow the instructions to set up the software on your computer. Now, run the software, the interface window will display the functionalities that the software renders. Browse and add the corrupted AVI files and click on the button for repair. The repaired files may be stored in the same location as the previous files, or it may prompt you to select a new location.

 Different software will provide different facilities, so select one that suits your needs. Few examples of AVI file repair software are DivXRepair 1.0.1, Avi Previewer 2.27, RegCure, ASF-AVI-RM-WMV Repair, etc.


Word Files

Word files are document files that contain text data. When a word file gets corrupted, download a word file repair software to resurrect the files. Click on the software's icon and follow the instructions. Some software may need installation while others may not.
Examples of word document repair software are Repair MyWord, Nucleus Kernel Word Document Repair Software, etc. Repair MyWord can be downloaded free of cost and it provides an easy interface for the retrieval of files.


JPEG Files

JPEG is the short form of Joint Photographic Experts Group. When a .jpeg/.jpg image does not open with any default application programs like Paint, Windows Photo Gallery, Fax Viewer, etc., it is corrupt. To retrieve the image, try renaming and saving the picture file with a .jpg extension.

Another option is to use JPEG image recovery tools. Using these tools is a trial and error process, as it is difficult to figure out which one of the tools will recover the images successfully. The procedure for downloading and executing the tools is same as that mentioned above. Examples of JPEG recovery software tools are JPEG Recovery, and Picture Doctor. You can also try opening the pictures with ACDSee, or Irfanview.


Zip Files

Zip files are the compressed form of large files. Files that are very large in size are generally zipped/compacted using a compressing software, specially if they are to be sent through a mail or have to be saved on an external memory drive of low capacity.

The procedure for recovering zip files is the same, and requires a recovery software tool. Download it, follow the steps and run the application. Add the zip file to be retrieved. The software will scan the zip file and show you the result. Select from the files the ones you want to repair and go to the next step. Software examples for fixing zip files are Zip Repair Software 1.0, Zip Repair Tool 3.3, and Actual Zip Repair 2.1.


Files on PSP

First and foremost, check if the file you are trying to open in your PSP (PlayStation Portable) is compatible with the PSP file format or not. If your PSP does not support the file format, you may have to convert the file to the file format supported by your PSP.

A direct method to repair the corrupted file is to connect the PSP to the computer and run the data recovery software on your PC. Include the files on the PSP in the recovery software and retrieve them. If that is not possible, put the corrupted files back on your computer, recover the files using a recovery tool for that file format and put it back on the PSP.

Some of the data recovery software may not be available free of cost. If they are not freeware then you can download a trial or demo version to repair your files. Also, remember that a software that works for someone else may not necessarily work for you.

 Hence, you may have to employ the trial and error method to check the validity of the software. In case of a virus, you may need to run an antivirus software, after which the corrupted files may open. In case of hardware failure, hard drive data recovery is also possible.

How to Clean your Computer Registry

There are many people who think that cleaning the computer's registry is a very complicated task. Though a wrong move can have an adverse effect on the system, using a good computer registry cleaner, you can easily clean out the unusable files and speed up the computer performance.

A computer registry is a facility available on computers having Windows as their operating systems. It is a place where the most important data necessary for the computer operating system is stored.

The details of every function that is performed on the computer gets stored in it; such as a visit to a website or installing or uninstalling a program. It also houses the data of important drivers and DLL files, which are used by multiple applications. In addition, it also keeps all the data of multiple users handy.

As you keep working on your computer over time, it is obvious that you will perform number of tasks, which will cause the registry to become full with data. Even if you uninstall any software in a proper way, it will still hold some of its files.

And this is one of the main reasons why a computer runs slow. If it is messed up with disordered and unknown files, it can even result in a computer system crash. Cleaning it is the best possible method of maintaining a good boot-up and functional speed of your desktop or laptop computer.

Cleanup Process

There are some people who may advise you to get the registry cleaned manually. This can be a very risky step for the proper functioning of the computer. Fiddling with it manually can actually render your laptop or desktop computer useless. Therefore, it is very necessary that you do not delete the files yourself, but instead use a cleaning software. There may be many types of such software available in your nearby computer shop.

Before starting the process of cleaning using the appropriate software, it is suggested that you have a backup of your data on an external hard drive, in case anything goes wrong in the process. Typically, the software will scan the registry and remove all invalid files found.

 However, in a majority of such software, you will be prompted an option whether you want to manually fix errors or want the software to fix it automatically. There is also a possibility that the software may delete crucial files, which are actually essential for the computer to run. Prefer manual deleting of these files as much as possible. It is recommended to use the software by referring to its guidelines.

I hope the article will give you a gist of what you need to do to get the computer's registry cleaned.

Computer Hardware Repair and Maintenance tip.!!

What computer hardware is? Hardware components like the monitor, keyboard, CPU , mouse, and other I/O (Input-Output) devices constitute a computer.

 The working of the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and I/O devices depends largely upon the CPU. Due to some minor causes, like loose connections or dust saturation, any of them can stop functioning.

Faults occurring in the CPU are most hazardous, as it has a very complicated structure. The CPU is an assembly of the motherboard, hard disk drive (HDD), random access memory (RAM), compact disc-read only memory (CD-ROM) drive, and the floppy drive.

Unless you are well-acquainted with the CPU hardware, it is extremely difficult to pinpoint exactly where the fault has occurred. If any one of these components fail to perform, there are a few repair tips that can be followed. In order to view the circuitry inside the CPU, its casing has to be removed.

1.Motherboard 

The entire functioning of the computer depends on this component. The processor chipset, that performs all the logical operations of the PC, is embedded in the motherboard. Ribbon cables, power supply, CPU, and RAM are the things to be checked first on the motherboard. Check if any of the ribbon cables or the power supply cord is loose.

Check if the RAM chip has been misplaced from its slot. The CPU  will not show any marks on the outside if it is blown. The only way to check whether the CPU is working or not, is to test it by mounting it on the motherboard of another PC.

The motherboard has a real-time clock, ROM BIOS, CMOS RAM, RAM sockets, CPU sockets or slots, cache RAM slots, keyboard controller, interrupts, internal connectors, and external connectors mounted on it.

 Do not tamper with these components, unless you know each and every one of it well. Do not touch the motherboard without turning off the power.

2.Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

Also known as hard drive, it is the long-term storage device of the system. If the hard drive cannot be detected, check the jumper setting. The jumper setting can change the mode of the hard disk from master to slave or vice-versa.

 Make sure the Windows version being used for partitioning is consistent. Check that each drive has been assigned a drive-type. Make sure the pin numbers of the plug are attached to the corresponding pin numbers of the socket.

Do not force the plug into the socket with extra force, the pins may bend. If the plug is not fitting perfectly in the socket, try inserting it again by flipping it over. Do not attempt to open the hard drive without enough knowledge of its components.

3.Compact Disc-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) Drive

Data stored on external storage device like compact discs (CD) is read by inserting the CD in the CD drive. If the CD drive is not functioning, check if the CD is scratched. If the CD works fine in another PC, check if the power cable of the former drive is loose.

 Check if the plug and socket pin numbers match. If the tray of the drive is not opening, right click on CD-ROM icon and select eject option. If the tray does not open, insert a straight thin metal pin into the edge and try to pull it open.

Do not apply too much of force while doing so. Avoid connecting the CD-ROM drive on the same controller cable as the primary hard drive, this will slow down its performance.

4.Random Access Memory (RAM)

It is the temporary memory of the PC. The data in the RAM is erased when the computer is shut down. Check if the RAM is misplaced from its slot. While replacing the RAM in its slot, check the small niche at the center of the chip (the niche indicates how the RAM is supposed to be placed in the slot and may not be at the exact mid position of the chip-strip).

Do not forget to secure the side clips that hold the chip in place. If you are unable to secure them, it means that the chip is not placed correctly in the slot.



5.Floppy Drive

If the floppy disk is not opening, try opening it in the floppy drive of another PC. If the disk does not open, then it is probably corrupt. If the disk is stuck in the drive, hold down the eject button for sometime or right click on floppy drive icon and select eject option.

If the disk is still stuck, wiggle it up and down till it can be ejected or use tweezers to pull it out. Do not apply too much of force while doing so.


The CPU is the brain of the computer. Proper maintenance of the CPU, as well as all other components, enhances the computer performance.

How to Upgrade a computer Graphics Card/video card

The computer graphics card is also known as video card, graphics accelerator or display card. It is a printed circuit board that has three major components. These components are video memory, video BIOS and graphics processing unit.

The graphics card should be changed if it gives a poor performance/vision or if you want more speed options for the computer games. In the first case, you need to verify that it is the reason for the poor performance and not the computer.

To do this, use the scan disk or defragmentation options and look for bad sectors on the hard disk. You can also try using other ways to speedup your computer. If they do not work, you can conclude that the lowered performance is due to the faulty working of the card. Once it has been established that the graphics card is responsible for the low speed, you should upgrade it.

Some video cards are integrated in the motherboard and some are externally connected to the computer. Older versions of motherboards used a peripheral computer Interconnect slot in order to plug-in the video card. Newer versions of computers use the accelerated graphics port (AGP). The latest version of computers use the PCIexpress, which has a speed twice of the AGP slots.

The task of upgrading the graphics card in your desktop computer, involves finding out the type of slot in your computer motherboard. If your computer system is relatively quite old, then it is likely that it has a PCI slot. In this case, you have to upgrade related hardware in your computer system, as well. This is because, nowadays, graphic cards compatible only with PCIexpress are available. Additionally, they also render high-speed outputs.

The power supply required for a graphics card should also be considered before buying one. The power supply or wattage of the computer must be checked. The power supply ratings range from 350-500W. Also, the available computer RAM must be taken into consideration. Minimum RAM of 512 MB is required. Once all these steps are done, you can buy a new video card. Make sure that you compare all the options available in the market, and choose the one that best suits your needs.

To remove the older one and upgrade the computer hardware to a new video card, follow the 8 steps given below:

1.If you already have a graphics card, un-install the drivers of the same. Download the drivers of the new one that you've purchased and store them on your computer system.

2.Remove the overclocks, usually set to increase the performance of your computer by increasing the clock rate.

3.Set the computer system to its original specifications and turn it off.

4.The power cord should be unplugged. Open the cabinet and search for your PCIexpress slot.

5.The PCIexpress slot has a locking clip, which is used to mount the card. Remove the older card and mount the newer one.

 6.Store the older card in an anti-static bag, as you can use it as a back-up.

7.The computer system can then be switched on, after carefully placing the graphics card in its slot.

8.Start your computer and install the drivers which were downloaded earlier. This ends the up-gradation process and you can start playing games.

The graphics card is basically used to ensure performance, drive a digital screen, and support dual screens for playing games.

These are some of the very common computer hardware troubleshooting steps which can be followed before taking the computer to a professional hardware repair shop.

The computer hardware includes devices, such as the mouse, keyboard, monitor and printer. All are machines and are bound to face technical issues at some point or the other. However, you can perform some basic computer troubleshooting tips to make them functional. If they don't seem to work with the troubleshooting tools, you need to send them for hardware repair.

The following are some tips for the various computer hardware devices


1.Monitor

If the monitor is not working, the first thing you need to do is to ensure that it has been turned on by pressing the on/off button.
Next, check if the cable, which connects the computer monitor and the CPU is connected properly. If not, connect it in a proper manner, or remove and plug it in again.
Also, make sure that the cord, which is used to power the monitor is plugged in the UPS the right way.
If these tactics do not work, you need to check both the cables on a different monitor, which is in a working condition.
If the other monitor doesn't work with any one of the cords, that cable needs to be replaced. If the other monitor works with both cords, there is possibly a problem in your monitor.
You may also restart your computer and then check whether the monitor is working or not.
If none of these tips work out, you may have to contact a professional computer technician.


2.Mouse

If the cursor on the screen is not moving in a smooth manner, you need to check for dust or any residue on the trackball rollers, which enable the computer to accurately identify the movement of the mouse.
Remove the rear mouse cover, which will let the ball come out, clean the trackball if needed, remove the dust or residue, put the ball in again, and finally put the cover back. Check whether this works.
If the cursor doesn't move at all, check whether the mouse is correctly connected to the CPU.
If it's a USB mouse, try to use a different USB port.
There could also be the potential threat of a virus if the mouse pointer doesn't work in an acceptable manner. If so, run an updated anti-virus software and delete the virus as soon as possible.
Check if the mouse drivers are corrupted, if yes, reinstall them.


3.Keyboard

The keyboard is an important part of the computer, without which you cannot perform several tasks. It should be kept away from dust and dirt to ensure proper functioning.
If it doesn't work, you first need to check its connection with the CPU. If the connection is fine and it still does not work, simply try to connect it to another PS/2 socket or USB port (in case of a USB keyboard).
In case of wireless keyboards, special drivers are needed to be installed in the computer for proper functioning. Ensure that such drivers are installed.
Also, make a point to check whether the drivers are updated. Hold the keyboard in an inverted manner and remove the dust or debris, which is hampering the proper working of a key or a set of keys. You can also remove dust with the help of a vacuum cleaner or an air compressor.



4.Printer

If the printer doesn't work, there is a possibility of a paper jam, which normally occurs if the papers are not placed in the tray in a right manner.
In case of bigger printers, you may need to open various printer parts to get to the place where there is a paper jam. This exclusively has to be done by a professional printer technician.
Don't use tools to remove the paper jam, as some components may get damaged during the process.
If the printer doesn't turn on, the power cord may be loose, and needs to be plugged in properly. The cord which connects the printer to the computer also needs to be checked.

How to fix a Laptop Speakers that Not Working

The miniaturization of laptops comes at a price and one feature that seems lacking in most, is the quality of laptop speakers and the sound they provide. Often, most laptop users have to resort to external speaker systems to enjoy quality music or watch movies. Complaints like 'Laptop speakers stopped working' and 'Laptop speakers not loud enough', are some of the most common complaints on techno forums.The following are tips that will help you in fixing laptop speaker problems at a software level quite effectively.

Laptop Speakers that Not Working.What can you do??


Any laptop computer problem can be fixed, after you've properly diagnosed and isolated the underlying source. The problem either lies with the software or hardware. Every device attached to the computer has its hardware connections and control software, in the form of drivers. The case of dysfunctional speakers could be arising out of a software or hardware failure of some kind. Here are some simple things that you can do, to fix the problem, in case it's only a software anomaly.

1.Check Volume Mute Settings

Laptop speakers may not be working because of accidental muting of sound output. To check that, on your Windows XP operating system, click on the 'Start' button, then go to 'All Programs then accessories --}})Entertainment --}}}Volume Control'. You could also reach the volume settings by simply clicking on the speaker icon, which is normally present in system tray, in case of Windows Vista. See if the mute check box is checked. In case it is, then uncheck it and your problem will be solved.


2.Hardware Issues

A faulty headphone jack or sound card may be the reason for the continuing 'no sound' problem. There is a switch, within the headphone jack, that's used to switch off speaker sound, when a headphone terminal is inserted. Often, the switch tends to get stuck, even when a headphone is not being used, leading to muted speakers. Inserting and removing the headphone terminal in the jack a couple of times, might just fix your problem, if it prompts the stuck switch to work again. Otherwise, you'll need expert assistance in getting the part replaced.

3.Install Sound Drivers Again

Another problem might be the corruption of the laptop's installed audio drivers. In that case, you must delete the old sound drivers and reinstall them from your driver installation CD. To delete old drivers go to 'Start ---}}}Control Panel ---}}} System ---}}}Hardware ---}}}Device Manager ---}}} Sound and Video Game Controllers'. Delete the sound devices that are listed there, while taking care that the audio codecs and legacy audio drivers are not deleted. Then run the recovery driver CD to get the audio drivers newly installed. That should take care of your problem. All it takes is a few mouse clicks! If you don't have the recovery driver CD, search for sound drivers online, according to laptop brand and model number. Download and install the driver to restore sound.


4.System Restore

Sometimes the installation of certain software programs and virus problems may have messed up the audio software settings and data may have been lost. In such a case, go for a 'System Restore' that will reset all the settings as they were before. To do that, go to 'Accessories --}}System Tools ---}}} System Restore'. If this works, your laptop sound should be back.

Hope your laptop speakers problem is fixed with some of the solutions suggested here.

How to fix Laptop Keyboard Problems

Laptop keyboards are more delicate than the desktop keyboards. Usually, we replace the laptop keyboard when we face certain problem. We do not realize that a lot of these laptop keyboard problems can be solved and even prevented by regular cleaning of the keyboard. Different problem like some keys are not functioning on your keyboard can easily be taken care of at home.

Below are some of the common keyboard problems of a laptop and ways to solve them.


1.Laptop Keyboard Types Wrong Characters

If your laptop keyboard types wrong characters, it is rather a software issue than an hardware one. This can occur if accidentally you press certain keys on your keyboard, which enable a certain kind of function. Its batter to try the following steps in case your laptop keyboard displays wrong characters:

Go to the control panel option
Click → 'Regional and Language Services' → 'Languages' → 'Details' → 'Key Settings'
Select the option 'Switch Between Input Languages' and click on 'Change Key Sequence'

Make sure that all the check boxes are unchecked in this window and do the same for 'Switch to.{Keyboard Type}'
Click → 'Ok' → 'Ok' → 'Apply' → 'Ok'. This method should solve your problem.

2.Laptop Keyboard Keys not Working

At certain time keys of your laptop are stop functioning. If you press those keys softly nothing appears on the monitor, and you have to press them hard to make them work. These problems may hapen, if, you tend to spill something on your keyboard, dust settling on the inner surface of the keys, excessive use of some keys while playing games, or due to lack of lubrication. Therefore there is a need to maintain your keyboard by cleaning and lubricating it Frequentily.

The following are steps which can help you prevent laptop keyboard problems:

First need to carefully remove each key from the laptop keyboard. Use a small screwdriver, cautiously pry each key, make them loose and remove the rubber piece along with the keys. Place the keys and the rubber pieces, in separate containers.

After removing all the keys, you need to clean the interiors part of the keyboard. Take a piece of brush or ear buds and dip them slightly in water. Do not wet them too much, as excess water would damage the keyboard. Clean the keyboard properly.

Once you have finished cleaning the keyboard, start cleaning keys and the rubber pieces in the container. Using foam rubber and light fluid, clean each key separately and remove any sticky substances in them. Apply any household cleaner on the keys and leave them for about 10 minutes. Wash all the keys thoroughly with warm water and allow them to completely dry.

The small rubber pieces also need to be rinsed properly in warm water after spraying them with a household cleaner. Use a paper napkin to completely dry the rubber components.

For lubricating the keys, arrange all the keys top-down on a plain surface. Apply mild lubricant from all sides on all the keys and allow it to dry. Make sure that you do not apply a lot of lubricant, a light coat would be enough.

Apply mild lubricant on the keyboard in the same way as you did for lubricating the keys and allow them to dry.

Once you finish cleaning and lubricating the parts, the only thing left is to reassemble the laptop keyboard properly. Start with placing all the rubber pieces in their respective places on the keyboard. Next, fix and place the keys in carefully, securing the wire. Press each key firmly down to fix them properly, and you are done.


3.Laptop Keyboard Typing Numbers Instead of Letters

If you type a letter but numbers are displayed instead, there may be a problem with the laptop software. There are chances that you may have activated a digital lock unknowingly.

 Pressing The 'Function' key along with the 'Num lock' key {Fn + Num lock} or pressing the 'Function' Key along with the 'Shift' and 'Num Lock' key {Fn +Shift + Num lock} should solve the problem.

The whole process does not take more than a three of hours. Cleaning and lubricating the keyboard two times a year, helps prevent several laptop keyboard problems.